Hungarian
Philological information on "Hungarian" was prepared by the translation studies division of Dijital Tercüme.
 
Hungarian belongs to the Ugric branch of the Finno-Ugric (Lapça, Finnish, Estonian, Mordvinic, Mari, Komi, Udmurt, Mansi, Khanti and Hungarian) language family's sub-group, which is also called Magyar or Urallan. It is significantly different from other languages (Finnish and Estonian) belonging to the same sub-family, in terms of origins and word orders. It belongs to the Uralic main language family. It is classified by philologists, in order, as belonging to the Uralic language family, which comprises of Finno-Ugric, Ugric, the Uralian language and Hungarian. The regions where Hungarian is an official language are: Hungary, Slovenia (municipality language), Romania's Transylvania region and Serbia's Vojvodina autonomous region, but it has 14.5 million speakers in 10 countries and 10 million of those live in Hungary. Outside of Hungary, the largest Hungarian speaking community is in Romania's Transylvania region with 1.5 million speakers, followed by Slovakia with 520. 528 people, Serbia with 293. 299 people, Ukraine with 149. 400, United States of America with 117. 973, Canada with 75. 555, Russia with 70. 000, Austria with 22. 000, Croatia with 16. 500 and Slovenia with 9. 240 people.
 
The language's rules and grammar are regulated by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. In written language, either the Hungarian alphabet or Serbian Cyrillic alphabet is preferred. The Hungarian alphabet consists of 42 letters. In Hungarian, the stress is on the first syllable and therefore, if the number of consonants are high in the first syllable, it sounds harsh when spoken. It is hard to pronounce due to the abundance of consonants. There exists many singular or plural noun forms.
 
Looking at the historical origins, Hungarian's first appearance on the world stage dates back to the 11th century B.C. In the 5th century, Hungarians migrated to the West from Central Asia joining with migrating Turks to arrive in the Caucasus region together and they lived with the Oghuz Turks for 500 years. As result of this, there are around 250 words about farming and livestock farming in Hungarian adopted from Oghuz.
 
However, the highlight of this period is that Hungarians added some symbols for sounds unique to their language to create an engraved writing style very similar to the Orkhon alphabet which then transitioned to the writing system. After converting to Christianity, this alphabet was replaced with the Latin alphabet.
 
During the 150-year Ottoman reign in Hungary, some words from Turkish were borrowed by Hungarians. After they relocated to their current home in the Carpathian Basin, and converted to Christianity in the year 1001, they borrowed many words from Serbian, Croatian, and Czech, Slovak languages in the areas of agriculture, economy, house tools, religion, and state affairs; and from Latin about Christianity, state affairs, interstate relations, education and law.
 
Unfortunately, it is not possible to learn Hungarian as an undergraduate. You can learn Hungarian with private courses and lessons in Turkey.